Hydrazine hydrate, with the chemical formula N₂H₄·H₂O, is a colorless, fuming liquid with a pungent odor. It is highly soluble in water and exhibits strong reducing properties, making it versatile in various industrial applications.

One of its primary uses is in the pharmaceutical industry, where it serves as a key intermediate in the synthesis of certain drugs, including anti-tuberculosis medications. In agriculture, it is employed in the production of pesticides and herbicides, helping to protect crops from harmful pests and weeds. Additionally, hydrazine hydrate plays a crucial role in water treatment, acting as an oxygen scavenger to remove dissolved oxygen from boiler feedwater, preventing corrosion in industrial systems.

However, it is important to note that hydrazine hydrate is highly toxic and corrosive. Exposure to it can cause severe irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system, and long-term exposure may lead to more serious health issues. Proper safety measures, including the use of protective equipment and adequate ventilation, are essential when handling this substance.

In summary, hydrazine hydrate is a valuable chemical with diverse industrial applications, but its hazardous nature demands careful handling and strict safety protocols.